Odisha State Board CHSE Odisha Class 11 Psychology Solutions Unit 3 Learning Objective Questions.
CHSE Odisha 11th Class Psychology Unit 3 Learning Objective Questions
Multiple Choice Type Questions
Question 1.
Experiments on remembering and forgetting were started for the first time by ______?
(a) Ailgard
(b) McGeoch
(c) Guthrie
(d) Ebbinghaus
Answer:
(b) McGeoch
Question 2.
Ebbinghaus’s method of measuring memory is called?
(a) Qualitative method
(b) Quantitative method
(c) Exact method
(d) All the above
Answer:
(c) Exact method
Question 3.
Ebbinghaus used the ______ method for the measurement of memory?
(a) Recall
(b) Recognition
(c) Relearning
(d) Reconstruction
Answer:
(a) Recall
Question 4.
The first verbal materials used for measuring memory case?
(a) Meaningful words
(b) Story
(c) Diagram
(d) Nonsense syllables
Answer:
(d) Nonsense syllables
Question 5.
Forgetting pictures with the passage of line can be due to?
(a) Proactive inhibition
(b) Retroactive inhibition
(c) decay through discuss
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 6.
Memory is measured in the laboratory by the instrument named?
(a) Tachistoscope
(b) Memory drum
(c) Aesthesio meter index
Answer:
(b) Memory drum
Question 7.
Pleasant and interesting materials are better remembered than?
(a) Nonsense syllables
(b) Meaningful words
(c) Unpleasant materials
Answer:
(c) Unpleasant materials
Question 8.
Both the recall and recognition methods can be measured?
(a) Learning
(b) Perception
(c) Memory
(d) Imagination
Answer:
(c) Memory
Question 9.
Memory is the mental power by which past experiences are?
(a) relearned
(b) retained
(c) recalled
(d) recalled and recognized
Answer:
(b) retained
Question 10.
The degree of retention depends upon the?
(a) Meaningfulness of the material
(b) Degree of learning
(c) Noninterference and judicious rest
(d) None of them
Answer:
(d) None of them
Question 11.
Zeigamik effect is evident in the continuous tension over a task that is _________?
(a) Unpleasant and incomplete
(b) Pleasant and unfinished
(c) Pleasant and completed
(d) None of them
Answer:
(a) Unpleasant and incomplete
Question 12.
Ebbinghaus was a ________ psychologist.
(a) American
(b) British
(c) German
(d) Swiss
(e) None of these
Answer:
(c)German
Question 13.
Amount of retention does not depend on one of the following?
(a) Meaningfulness
(b) Amount ofintereference during original learning and retention interval
(c) Amount of practice
(d) Emotional factors affecting learning
(e) Interest in learning
(f) Defects in motor capacity
Answer:
f) Defects in motor capacity
Question 14.
Ebbinghaus conducted memory experiments on?
(a) rats
(b)dogs
(c) monkeys
(d) human beings
(e) himself
Answer:
(c) monkeys
Question 15.
For the first time, Ebbinghaus conducted an experiment on memory using?
(a) Meaningful words
(b) Nonsense syllables
(c) drawings
(d) all these
Answer:
(b) Nonsense syllables
Question 16.
Do nonsense syllables consist of ______?
(a) two consonants and one vowel
(b) three consonants
(c) one consonant and two vowel
(d) all the above
Answer:
(a) two consonants and one vowel
Question 17.
Does a trigram consist of one vowel and two consonants?
(a) three consonants
(b) three vowels
(c) all the above
Answer:
(b) three vowels
Question 18.
Does a nonsense syllable consist of _____?
(a) three letters
(b) four letters
(c) five letters
Answer:
(a) three letters
Question 19.
When materials memorized afterward stand in the way of recall of materials memorized earlier, it is called?
(a) Proactive inhibition
(b) retroactive inhibition
(c) retrograde amnesia
(d) proactive facilitation
Answer:
(b) retroactive inhibition
Question 20.
When materials memorized afterward are interfered with by the materials learned earlier it is called?
(a) retroactive inhibition
(b) proactive inhibition
(c) simple inhibition
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(b) proactive inhibition
Question 21.
That method which shows earlier learning not discovered by other usual methods in?
(a) whole learning
(b) distributed learning
(c) recall
(d) saving recognition
Answer:
(c) recall
Question 22.
Distortion in day-to-day learning along with forgetting is called?
(a) trace theory
(b) motivated forgetting theory
(c) qualitative change theory
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) qualitative change theory
Question 23.
Which of the following psychologists can be associated with the psychoanalytic theory of forgetting?
(a) Ebbinghaus
(b) McGeoch
(c) Ereud
(d) Bartlett
Answer:
(c) Ereud
Question 24.
Which of the following psychologists can be associated with the theory of constructive changes in memory?
(a) Meltzer
(b) Ebbinghaus
(c) Sears
(d) Bbartlett
Answer:
(d) Bartlett
Question 25.
The use of nonsense syllables in the Laboratory was first introduced by?
(a) William James
(b) Osgood
(c) Ebbinghaus
(d) Muller
Answer:
(c) Ebbinghaus
Question 26.
The curve of forgetting was developed?
(a) Thorndike
(b) Kohler
(c) Ebbinghaus
(d) McGeoch
Answer:
(c) Ebbinghaus
Question 27.
When new learning is disturbed by old learning it is called _________?
(a) Proactive inhibition
(b) Retroactive inhibition
(c) Conditioned inhibition
(d) disinhibition
Answer:
(a) Proactive inhibition
Question 28.
Recognition thresholds are higher for _______ words?
(a) Taboo
(b) Neutral
(c) Pleasant
(d) All the above
Answer:
(c) Pleasant
Question 29.
That sense modality through which learning produces better retention is ________?
(a) Visual
(b) Auditory
(c) Olfactory
(d) Kinesthetic
Answer:
(a) Visual
Question 30.
Retention in comparison to learning is a?
(a) Passive process
(b) Active process
(c) Moderately passive and moderately active
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Passive process
Question 31.
Forgetting is at first rapid but gradually the rate of forgetting becomes?
(a) Speedy
(b) Slow
(c) Moderate
Answer:
(b)Slow
Question 32.
The basic law that tine rate of forgetting is rapid in the beginning and then slows down with the passage of time holds good, for?
(a) Nonsense Syl labels alone
(b) Meaningful words alone
(c) Digits alone
(d) All types of materials
Answer:
(d) All types of materials
Question 33.
Ebbinghaus mostly used methods to study remembering and forgetting?
(a) Recall method
(b) Recognition method
(c) Saving method
(d) All the above
Answer:
(a) Recall method
Question 34.
The recall is of types?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
Answer:
(a) Two
Question 35.
Forgetting due to sudden shock and emotional blocking is called?
(a) Primary forgetting
(b) Secondary forgetting
(c) Retrograde amnetia
(d) All the above
Answer:
(c) Retrograde amnetia
Question 36.
The easiest method of measuring retention or memory is _______ method?
(a) Recall
(b) Recognition
(c) Saving
(d) Reconstruction
Answer:
(b) Recognition
Question 37.
When two items or stimuli appear similar to each other percentage of recognition is from when they are dissimilar?
(a) more
(b) less
(c) moderate
Answer:
(b) less
Question 38.
The relearning method is also known as?
(a) Reconstruction method
(b) Anticipation
(c) Prompting method
(d) Saving method
Answer:
(a) Reconstruction method
Question 39.
Do digits have a better memory span than?
(a) Nonsense syllables
(b) Meaningful words
(c) Trigrams
Answer:
(a) Nonsense syllables
Question 40.
There is usually no increase in memory span after the age of?
(a) 4-5 years
(b) 6-8 years
(c) 12-15 years
Answer:
(c) 12-15 years
Question 41.
Do meaningful and rhythmic materials have an effect on retention?
(a) beneficial
(b) harmful
(c) neutral
(d) all of the above.
Answer:
(a) beneficial
Question 42.
Remembering is greatly aided by?
(a) disassociation
(b) association.
(c) negative transfer
(d) zero transfer
Answer:
(b) association.
Question 43.
Words are quickly less than nonsense syllables because of their value?
(a) associative
(b) transfer value
(c) meaningfulness
(d) none of these
Answer:
(a) associative
Question 44.
Not the retention interval as such, but what happens during the retention interval is very important for?
(a) remembering
(b) reminiscence
(c) disuse
Answer:
(a) remembering
Question 45.
When the two stimuli and responses are identical in original learning and interpolated activity there occurs?
(a) maximum inhibition
(b) maximum facilitation
(c) no visible effect
Answer:
(b) maximum facilitation
Question 46.
Interpolated activity nearer to the original learning and subsequent recall the influence of retroactive inhibition?
(a) heightens
(b) decreases
(c) no influence
(d) non of the these
Answer:
(a) heightens
Question 47.
When the retention interval is free from activity, there is almost no loss of retention. This has been held by?
(a) Muller and Pilzecker
(b) MimaniandDallenbach
(c) McGeoch and Underwood
Answer:
(b)MimaniandDallenbach
Question 48.
To study whether cockroaches can remember what they have learned an experiment was conducted by?
(a) Underwood
(b) McGeoch
(c) Hunter
(d) Duncan
Answer:
(c) Hunter
Question 49.
Minami and Dallenbach have got empirical support for the fact that when the retention interval is free from activity there is almost no?
(a) learning
(b) retention
(c) forgetting
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) forgetting
Question 50
also, occurs when the new learning is disturbed by old learning?
(a) proactive inhibition
(b) retroactive inhibition
(c) retrograde amnesia
Answer:
(a) proactive inhibition
Question 51.
The decrement in the retention of a task as a consequence of other learning coming prior to the learning of the task is known as?
(a) Associative interferences
(b) Retroaction
(c) Proactive inhibition
Answer:
(c) Proactive inhibition
Question 53.
When the degree of prior learning increases, proactive ve inhibition?
(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remains constant
(d) none of these
Answer:
(b) increases
Question 54.
According to point of view, forgetting is due to the repression of the learned material?
(a) Freudian
(b) Gestalt
(c) Neo Freudians
(d) All these
Answer:
(a) Freudian
Question 55.
The mechanism of repression explains many men in everyday life?
(a) Learning
(b) retention
(c) forgetting
(d) all these
Answer:
(c) forgetting
Question 56.
The unacceptable shocking, antisocial, unpleasant, and ego-dissatisfying experiences are pressed back into the deep chamber of the unconscious by the mechanism of?
(a) Suppression
(b) Repression
(c) Dissociation
(d) All these
Answer:
(b) Repression
Question 57.
Pleasant experiences are recalled better than unpleasant ones. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 58.
The repressed urges are recalled back through hypnosis, dream analysis, and psychoanalysis. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 59.
Emotion-provoking situations immediately before or immediately after learning, have got no obliterating effect on memory. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 60.
Retroactive inhibition is the cause of forgetting?
(a) one of the
(b) only
(c) important
Answer:
(a) one of the
Question 61.
Memory traces fade either due to biological factors or external factors like Retroactive inhibition. This has been held by?
(a) Freudians
(b) Gestalts
(c) Trace Psychologists
Answer:
(b) Gestalts
Question 62.
Sometimes retention curves show a period of increased retention immediately after the practice is stopped. This concept is known as?
(a) long term memory
(b) short term memory
(c) reminiscence
(d) none of these
Answer:
(c) reminiscence
Question 63.
In the earlier stage reminiscence was called?
(a) Ballard-William Phenomena
(b) Mimani-Dallenbach Phenomena
(c) Skagg-Robinson Hypothesis
(d) McGeoch-Irrion Hypothesis
Answer:
(a) Ballard-William Phenomena
Question 64.
The phenomenon of reminiscence while studying verbal discrimination learning was found by?
(a) McClelland
(b) McGeoch
(c) Hunter
(d) all these
Answer:
(a) McClelland
Question 65.
The classic experiment on short-term memory was conducted by?
(a) English and Well-borne
(b) McGeoch and Irrion
(c) Peterson and Peterson
Answer:
(c) Peterson and Peterson
Question 66.
Words processed at a deeper level are better retained than processed at a superficial level. These is the findings of the study conducted by?
(a) Nonnen and Rumehert
(b) CraikandTullving
(c) Muller and Pilzecker
Answer:
(b) CraikandTullving
Question 67.
The interference theory was propounded by?
(a) Muller and Pilzecker
(b) Melton and Irriwin
(c) McGeoch and McDonald
Answer:
(a) Muller and Pilzecker
Question 68.
The theory of forgetting advanced by Ebbinghaus is known as?
(a) Memory Trace theory
(b) Disuse theory
(c) 1ntcrfcrcncc theory
(d) None of the these
Answer:
(b) Disuse theory
Question 69.
Optimum retention occurs when the interpolated learning is introduced in the middle of a long retention interval. This view has been advocated by the?
(a) memory trace theory
(b) disuse theory
(c) interference theory
Answer:
(c) interference theory
Question 70.
Trace theory of forgetting has been advanced by?
(a) Behaviourists
(b) Gestalts
(c) Freudians
(d) All these
Answer:
(b) Gestalts
Question 71.
When the ego is threatened by certain situations, in order to defend itself, the ego represses them?
(a) Bartlett
(b) Freudians
(c) Gestalts
Answer:
(b) Freudians
Question 72.
came forward with his qualitative approach to remembering?
(a) Freud
(b) Ebbinghaus
(c) Bartlett
(d) Irwin
Answer:
(c) Bartlett
Question 73.
The method of repeated reproduction is also known as the method of?
(a) Social Reproduction
(b) Successive reproduction
(c) Associative reproduction
Answer:
(b) Successive reproduction
Question 74.
Pleasant materials are quickly remembered and retained for a long time compared to unpleasant materials keeping other factors constant. This is obvious from the experiment of?
(a) McGeoch and irrion
(b) Skaggs and Robinson
(c) Jersild and Meltzer
Answer:
(c) Jersild and Meltzer
Question 75.
The view that perceptual motor skills are retained relatively well over a considerable period of time than verbal materials has been supported by?
(a) Irrion
(b) Hamilton
(c) Katona
(d) Ebbinghaus
Answer:
(c) Katona
Question 76.
A principle of learning that is involved in training is?
(a) a period of no learning
(b) a period of instruction
(c) a period of boredom
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) a period of instruction
Question 77.
The approach to the study of the biology of learning is?
(a) the capacity approach
(b) the research approach
(c) the structural approach
(d) the functional approach
Answer:
(d) the functional approach
Question 78.
The first person to conduct experiments of trial and error learning was?
(a) Pavlov
(b) Kohler
(c) Titchener
(d) Thorndike
Answer:
(d) the functional approach
Question 79.
The first person to conduct- experiments in classical conditioning was?
(a) Watson
(b) Bechtervev
(c) Pavlov
(d) James
Answer:
(c) Pavlov
Question 80.
The school first conducted experiments on insightful learning is?
(a) Gestalt
(b) Functional
(c) Structural
(d) Psychoanalysis
Answer:
(c) Structural
Question 81.
Operant conditioning is also known as?
(a) Escape conditioning
(b) Backward conditioning
(c) Avoidance conditioning
(d) Instrumental conditioning
Answer:
(d) Instrumental conditioning
Question 82.
A stimulus that reinforces behavior, which terminates it is called?
(a) conflict
(b) reflex
(c) positive stimulus
(d) negative reinforcer
(e) Unconditional stimulus
Answer:
(c) positive stimulus
Question 83.
The process b.y which a C.R. can be weakened and finally eliminated is known as?
(a) Spontaneous recovery
(b) Deconditioning
(c) Experimental Neuroses
(d) Experimental Extinction
Answer:
(b) Deconditioning
Question 84.
A response may be more resistant to experimental extinction if reinforcement in conditioning trial has been?
(a) periodic
(b) continuous
(c) never provided
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(a) periodic
Question 85.
The process through which a CR is elicited by a stimulus similar to the original conditioned stimulus it is called?
(a) Stimulus generalisation
(b) Response generalisation
(c) Differentiation
(d) Internal Inhibition
Answer:
(a) Stimulus generalization
Question 86.
The ability of the organism to respond to the reinforcing stimulus and not to the neutral or noil reinforcing one is called?
(a) Stimulus generalization
(b) Stimulus discrimination
(c) Response discrimination
Answer:
(c) Response discrimination
Question 87.
Operant conditioning is usually studied in the laboratory using a?
(a) Problem box
(b) Maze
(c) Skinner box
(d) Activity case
Answer:
(c) Skinner box
Question 88.
When the experimentally extinguished response reappears again after a period it is called?
(a) Hxperimental neuroses
(b) Spontaneous recovery
(c) Internal inhabitation
Answer:
(b) Spontaneous recovery
Question 89.
Spontaneous recovery will grow weaker and weaker if no reinforcement is provided after?
(a) The U.S.
(b) C.S.
(c) C.R
(d) none of the above
Answer:
(b) C.S.
Question 90.
Once conditioning is firmly established for further conditioning the C.S. can be used as?
(a) Unconditioned Reflex
(b) Unconditioned stimulus
(c) Unconditioned Response
Answer:
(b) Unconditioned stimulus
Question 91.
Negative conditioning is also known as?
(a) forward conditioning
(b) Backward conditioning
(c) Reconditioning
Answer:
(b) Backward conditioning
Question 92.
Experiments on withdrawal conditioning were first conducted by Russian physiologist?
(a) Freud
(b) Pavlov
(c) Bechterev
(d) Watson
Answer:
(c) Bechterev
Question 93.
If differentiation is pushed too far the organism fails to discriminate between two stimuli becomes very nonadoptive and develops?
(a) Negative attitude
(b) Withdrawal symptoms
(c) Experimental Neuroses
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Experimental Neuroses
Question 94.
Many of our bad habits of day to day life can be removed by?
(a) Positive conditioning
(b) Classical conditioning
(c) Negative conditioning
(d) Generalisation
Answer:
(c) Negative conditioning
Question 95.
Irrelevant fear is removed by?
(a) Conditioning
(b) Negative conditioning
(c) Spontaneous recovery
(d) Backward conditioning
Answer:
(b) Negative conditioning
Question 96.
The concept of experimental neuroses which threw light on various aspects of abnormal behaviour has been studied in depth by?
(a) llilgard
(b) Meyer
(c) Pavlov
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Meyer
Question 97.
has remarked that establishment conditioning is not simply a matter of diverting nerve impulses from one channel to another?
(a) Tolman
(b) Hilgard
(c) Hull
(d) Bechterev
Answer:
(d) B echterev
Question 98.
has remarked that the whole situation under which conditioning is established is a specific one and we can hardly establish it in actual life?
(a) Koffka
(b) Sears
(c) Janguill
(d) Hull
Answer:
(b) Sears
Question 99.
Differentiation develops out of?
(a) Extinction
(b) Generalisation
(c) lighter order conditioning
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Generalisation
Question 100.
When the stimulus becomes too small for the organism to discriminate nervous breakdown?
(a) Obvious
(b) Reduced
(c) Extinguished
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Obvious
Question 101.
Internal inhibition is a kind of negative learning not to salivate and can be applied to the curve of?
(a) Learning
(b) Retention
(c) Forgetting
Answer:
(c) Forgetting
Question 102.
Pavlov for the first time conducted experiments on conditioning?
(a) Classical
(b) Operant
(c) Instrumental
Answer:
(a) Classical
Question 103.
In conditioning U.S. is always presented after the C.S.?
(a) Classical
(b) Operant
(c) Backward
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Classical
Question 104.
Pavlov was the founder of the most important theory of learning called?
(a) Conditioning
(b) Classical conditioning
(c) Instrumental conditioning
Answer:
(b) Classical conditioning
Question 105.
Pavlov was a?
(a) Physiologist
(b) Psychologist
(c) Neurologist
(d) Biologist
Answer:
(a) Physiologist
Question 106.
Bechterev was a coworker of?
(a) Hilgard
(b) Sears
(c) Meyers
(d) Pavlov
Answer:
(d) Pavlov
Question 107.
Wertheimer is famous as the founder of?
(a) Behaviourism
(b) Associationism
(c) First laboratory in Psychology
(b) Associationism
Answer:
(b)Associationism
Question 108.
Watson is remembered for his contribution to?
(a) Learning
(b) Associationism
(c) Thinking
(d) Structuralism
Answer:
(a) Learning
Question 109.
Thorndike is remembered for his famous contribution to?
(a) Insightful learning
(b) Conditioning
(c) Trial and Error
(b) Conditioning
Answer:
(c) Trial and Error
Question 110.
The Gestalt school of psychology is well known for its?
(a) Conditioning theory of learning
(b) Trial and error theory of learning
(c) insight theory of learning
(d) All the above
Answer:
(c) insight theory of learning
Question 111.
It is easier to conduct experiments on learning in the laboratory taking?
(a) Human subject
(b) Animal subjects
(c) Insects
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Animal subjects
Question 112.
More and more learning experiments have been conducted with the help of?
(a) cats
(b) dogs
(c) rats
(d) human beings
Answer:
(c) rats
Question 113.
Learning is a kind of behavior?
(a) Change
(b) Continuation
(c) Extension
(d) Inhibition
Answer:
(a) Change
Question 114.
Learning is a sort of modification of behavior is the light of?
(a) Present experience
(b) Past experience
(c) Future experience
Answer:
(b) Past experience
Question 115.
All modification of behavior is not?
(a) Performance
(b) Learning
(c) Thinking
(d) Activity
Answer:
(b) Learning
Question 116.
Law of the exercise was introduced by?
(a) I Iilgard
(b) Thorndike
(c) I lull
(d) Tolman
Answer:
(b) Thorndike
Question 117.
The Law of effect was advanced by?
(a) Freud
(b) William James
(c) Gvthrie
(d) Thorndike
Answer:
(d) Thorndike
Question 118.
Learning is an association between a stimulus and?
(a) Response
(b) Present experience
(c) Past Experience
(d) Behaviour
Answer:
(a) Response
Question 119.
Learning and performance are?
(a) Same
(b) Different
(c) None of these
Answer:
(b) Different.
Question 120.
Learning is a modified behavior that is mostly the outcome of?
(a) Intimation
(b) Inheritance
(c) Effort
(d) Practice
Answer:
(d) Practice
Question 121.
The experiment on Chimpanzee Sultan was conducted by Kohler and Kottke to demonstrate?
(a) Trial and Error I.earning
(b) Insightful Learning
(c) Stimulus-Response Learning
(d) Instrumental Conditioning Learning
Answer:
(b) Insightful Learning
Question 122.
Gestalt is a – word?
(a) German
(b) English
(c) French
(d) American
(e) None of these
Answer:
(d) American
Question 123.
developed a theory of whole part position in learning and perception?
(a) Structuralists
(b) Functionalists
(c) Behaviourists
(d) None of these
Answer:
(a) Structuralists
Question 124.
Insightful learning is mostly limited to?
(a) Higher Animals
(b) Lower Animals
(c) Insects
Answer:
(a) Higher Animals
Question 125.
Insightful learning is basically learning by?
(a) Intelligence
(b) Practice
(c) Conditioning
(d) imitation
Answer:
(b) Practice
Question 126.
Learning is a type of acquisition of new behavior which is relative?
(a) Temporary
(b) Permanent
(c) Sudden
(d) Quick
Answer:
(a) Temporary
Question 127.
Knowledge of result is?
(a) Advantageous to learning
(b) Adverse to learning
(c) Stops learning
(d) Retards learning
Answer:
(a) Advantageous to learning
Question 128.
Knowledge of the result is a type of?
(a) Positive reinforcement
(b) Negative reinforcement
(c) Reinforcement
(d) Secondary reinforcement
Answer:
(a) Positive reinforcement
Question 129.
Strong punishment?
(a) Retards learning
(b) Promotes learning
(c) Creates fear psychoses
(d) has no effect on learning
Answer:
(a) Retards learning
Question 130.
Watson viewed conditioning as the only method to?
(a) Learn
(b) Remember
(c) Imitate
(d) Unlearn
Answer:
(d) Unlearn
Question 131.
The Law of effect was introduced by?
(a) Pavlov
(b) Bechterev
(c) Kohler
(d) Thorndike
Answer:
(c) Kohler
Question 132.
Similarity, contrast, and contiguity are the laws of?
(a) Association
(b) Learning
(c) Action
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(b) Learning
Question 133.
Law of belongingness, readiness, and contiguity are laws of?
(a) Perception
(b) Learning
(c) Action
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Action
Question 134.
One who can drive a fiat car can also drive a Maruti car without difficulty. The above phenomenon is due to?
(a) Overlearning
(b) Relearning
(c) Transfer of training
Answer:
(a) Overlearning
Question 135.
A material is learned quickly because of the use of?
(a) Economical methods of learning
(b) Emotion
(c) Thinking
(d) Imagination
Answer:
(b) Emotion
Question 136.
Practice in the right hand interferes with learning in the left hand. This is due to the?
(a) Unilateral transfer
(b) Negative transfer
(c) Zero transfer
Answer:
(c) Zero transfer
Question 137.
When learning of one material does not facilitate or interfere with learning of another material, it is called?
(a) Negative transfer
(b) Bilateral transfer
(c) Zero transfer
Answer:
(c) Zero transfer
Question 138.
Habit interference is also known as _________?
(a) Unilateral transfer of training
(b) Bilateral transfer of training
(c) Negative transfer of learning
Answer:
(c) Negative transfer of learning
Question 139.
When the acquisition of a skill in one situation inhibits the acquisition of a skill in the subsequent situation it is called?
(a) Zero transfer
(b) positive transfer
(c) Negative transfer
Answer:
(a) Zero transfer
Question 140.
The bilateral transfer is also called _______?
(a) Cross education
(b) Associative education
(c) Acquisition of education
Answer:
(b) Associative education
Question 141.
Zero transfer is also known as _______?
(a) Negative transfer
(b) Neutral transfer
(c) Unilateral transfer
Answer:
(b) Neutral transfer
Question 142.
The theory of transfer of training was introduced for the first time by ________?
(a) Ililgard
(b) Hull
(c) James
(d) Thorndike
Answer:
(c) James
Question 143.
Does positive transfer greatly depend upon the presence of identical elements between the original and subsequent?
(a) Perception
(b) Attention
(c) Learning
Answer:
(b) Attention
Question 144.
There are types of transfer of training?
(a) Two
(b) Three
(c) Four
Answer:
(b) Three
Question 145.
A student who more often than not performs better in a simple learning situations belongs to the group have?
(a) High Anxiety
(b) No anxiety
(c) Middle-level anxiety
(d) low anxiety
Answer:
(d) low anxiety
Question 146.
Amount of learning depends upon?
(a) Meaningfulness
(b) Association
(c) Repetition
(d) Motivation
(e) All the above
Answer:
(d) Motivation
Question 147.
The amount of acquisition in verbal learning does not depend on one of the following?
(a) Meaningfulness of the material
(b) similarity
(c) Low Anxiety
(d) Defects in muscles
Answer:
(d) Defects in muscles
Question 148.
Does learning take place through _______?
(a) Problem-solving along
(b) Practice alone
(c) Conditioning alone
(d) All the three
Answer:
(d) All the three
Question 149.
When an organism learns something by observing stimulus in the environment and makes the response accordingly, it is?
(a) Discrimination learning.
(b) Problem-solving learning
(c) Signal learning
(d) Stimulus-response learning
(e) All the above
Answer:
(a) Discrimination learning.
Question 150.
An infant can develop an acquisition fear of a stimulus except for loud noise through?
(a) Conditioning learning
(b) Insightful learning
(c) Unconditioning
(d) All the above
Answer:
(d) All the above
Question 151.
Does much learning take place through _________?
(a) Problem-solving alone
(b) Imitation alonge
(c) All the above
Answer:
(b) Imitation alonge
Question 152.
In classical conditioning, the stimuli are presented in the following order?
(a) C.S. and US at the same time
(b) C.S. first C.S. again
(c) C.S. first US next
(d) CS first CS again
Answer:
(c)C.S. first US next
Question 153.
In instrumental conditioning, the reward or reinforcement depends upon the animals?
(a) Activity
(b) Response
(c) Correct response
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Correct response
Question 154.
Instrument conditioning is a happy union of classical conditioning and the law of _______?
(a) Exercise
(b) Contiguity
(c) Effect
(d) Association
Answer:
(c) Effect
Question 155.
B.F. Skinner, was a psychologist?
(a) German
(b) British
(c) American
(d) Swiss
Answer:
(d) Swiss
Question 156.
The procedure by which the withdrawal of reinforcement decreases gradually the occurrence of an acquired response is known as ___?
(a) Intentional reinforcement
(b) Secondary reinforcement
(c) Inhibition
(d) Extinction
Answer:
(d) Extinction
Question 157.
The process by which the desire to check a response becomes stronger and stronger is called?
(a) Extinction
(b) Withdrawal
(c) Negative conditioning
(d) Internal inhibition
Answer:
(c) Negative conditioning
Question 158.
The process by which the experimentally extinguished response reappears again after a period is called?
(a) Conditioned response
(b) Unconditioned response
(c) Spontaneous recovery
(d) Generalised response
Answer:
(c) Spontaneous recovery
Question 159.
The procedure by which a firmly established conditioning is further used as an unconditional stimulus for the establishment of further conditioning is called?
(a) Low-order conditioning
(b) Spontaneous recovery
(c) Higher-order conditioning
Answer:
(a) Low-order conditioning
Question 160.
The process through which a person learns not to make a response to a particular stimulus and make a response to another stimulus is called?
(a) Differentiation
(b) Generalisation
(c) Positive transfer
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Differentiation
Question 161.
When some 1 variety in content, technique and principle is found in two different learning materials transfer of training takes place?
(a) Positive transfer
(b) Negative transfer
(c) Zero transfer
Answer:
(c) Zero transfer
Question 162.
When a previous experience too much obstructs learning in a new situation, obviously there is?
(a) Zero transfer
(b) High positive transfer
(c) High negative transfer
(d) Low negative transfer
Answer:
(b) High positive transfer
Question 163.
In the conditioning technique introduced by Pavlov?
(a) Both stimulus and response change
(b) The same response is made to a different stimulus
(c) To the same stimulus a different response is made
(d) None of the above.
Answer:
(b) The same response is made to a different stimulus
Question 164.
When a particular response becomes in turn a stimulus for a further response this stimulus is called _____?
(a) Unconditioned stimulus
(b) Conditioned stimulus
(c) Dependent stimulus
Answer:
(b) Conditioned stimulus
Question 165.
In a situation where one is conditioned to show fear to while rabbit and this makes him show fear to any type of white animal like a white cat, or white dog, it is called?
(a) Discrimination
(b) Generalisation
(c) Substitution
(d) Distortion
Answer:
(a) Discrimination
Question 166.
A response is weakened through punishment and strengthened through ________?
(a) Reward
(b) Response
(c) Emotion
Answer:
(c) Emotion
Question 167.
The organization and coordination of different sequential habit patterns and acquisitions are called?
(a) A response
(b) A reflex
(c) A skill
(d) An act
Answer:
(a) A response
Question 168.
The concept among the following that is most kin to negative transfer is ________?
(a) Similarity
(b) Habit strength
(c) Massed practice
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(a) Similarity
Question 169.
Generalization is the most important factor in ________?
(a) Positive transfer
(b) Negative transfer
(c) Habit strength
(d) Part and the whole learning
Answer:
(d) Part and the whole learning
Question 170.
strength Over learning occurs because of _______?
(a) Practice
(b) Speed
(c) Resistance to forgetting
(d) Allofthesee
(e) None of these
Answer:
(b) Speed
Question 171.
When one behaves differently in a slightly different situation it is called?
(a) Stimulus genralisation
(b) Stimulus discrimination
(c) Response discrimination
Answer:
(b) Stimulus discrimination
Question 172.
In withdrawal learning the ‘O’ learns to withdraw from ________?
(a) Positive Reinforcement
(b) Negative reinforcement
(c) Full avoidance of any reinforcement
Answer:
(b) Negative reinforcement
Question 173.
Any learning based on maturation and understanding is more or less?
(a) Permanent
(b) Temporary
(c) Efficient
(d) Inefficient
Answer:
(c) Efficient
Question 174.
Which of the following psychologists can be remembered for their contribution to learning theory?
(a) Titchener
(b) Anna Freud
(c) IIull
(d) Ebbinghaus
Answer:
(c)IIull
Question 175.
Better recall after a period of no practice is called?
(a) Retention
(b) Reconstruction
(c) Reminiscence
(d) Recall
Answer:
(c) Reminiscence
Question 176.
Punishing a child for his misbehavior is _______?
(a) Ineffective behavior reinforcement
(b) Positive reinforcement
(c) Negative social reinforcement
(d) None of these
Answer:
(c) Negative social reinforcement
Question 177.
Which one of the following procedures is used in verbal learning?
(a) Paired associate learning
(b) Serial learning
(c) Cognitive learning
(d) Free recall
Answer:
(a) Paired associate learning
Question 178.
Learning is the outcome of _______?
(a) Practice
(b) Imitation
(c) Inheritance
(d) None of these
Answer:
(b) Imitation
Question 179.
Mi n or Drawing apparatus is used in ________?
(a) Verbal learning
(b) Sensory motor learning
(c) Serial learning
Answer:
(b) Sensory motor learning
Question 180.
Classical conditioning is associated with ________?
(a) Bechterev
(b) Pavlov
(c) Koffka
(d) Skinner
Answer:
(a) Bechterev
Question 181.
The gradual decrease in errors in a typing test is attributed to _______?
(a) Trial and error learning
(b) Memory
(c) Intelligence
(d) None of the above
Answer:
(c) Intelligence
Question 182.
Any change in behavior through physiological growth is due to _____?
(a) Practice
(b) Leaming
(c) Maturation
(d) Environment
Answer:
(a) Practice
Question 183.
Avoidance learning is also called ________?
(a) Withdrawal learning
(b) Discrimination learning
(c) Forced learning
(d) Substitute learning
Answer:
(a) Withdrawal learning
Question 184.
Learning can not be possible without ________?
(a) Perception
(b) Imagination
(c) Emotion
Answer:
(c) Emotion
Question 185.
Learning cycling is a type of ________?
(a) Classical conditioning learning
(b) Insightful learning
(c) Trial and error learning
Answer:
(b) Insightful learning
Question 186.
Mirror drawing experiment is ________?
(a) Instrumental conditioning learning
(b) Trial and Error Learning
(c) Association learning ‘
Answer:
(b) Trial and Error Learning
Question 187.
Typing is a ________?
(a) Sensory learning
(b) Sensory motor learning
(c) Motor learning
(d) All the above
Answer:
(a) Sensory learning
Question 188.
Working out mathematical problems is ________?
(a) Problem-solving learning
(b) T & E-learning
(c) Conditioning learning
Answer:
(a) Problem-solving learning
Question 189.
The fear response is acquired through ______?
(a) Conditioning
(b) Trial and Error
(c) Insight
Answer:
(c) Insight
Question 190.
Repetition without motivation ________?
(a) Very much helps to learn
(b) Hinders learning
(c) Is not of much help
Answer:
(a) Very much helps to learn
True & False Type Questions With Answers
Question 1.
The strength of recall is a measurement of creativity. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 2.
The memory trace of items entering short-term memory is liable to rapid decay. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 3.
Due to the mechanism of repression, a lot of forgetting related to personal matters takes place. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 4.
Efficient memory does not depend upon efficient learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 5.
Forgetting raises the probability of a wrong response. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 6.
The more similar the two materials are, the more the chance of confusion while recalling them. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 7.
Knowledge of results improves memory. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 8.
The incorrect responses are forgotten more quickly when it is pointed out that they are incorrect. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 9.
Ebbinghaus used meaningful materials for his experiments on memory. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 10.
Nonsense syllables were coined first by Irrion. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 11.
The curve of forgetting is based on the theory of Ebbinghaus. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 12.
Memory is always better for meaningful materials than for nonsense syllables. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 13.
Remembering depends upon learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 14.
Interference is minimum when the materials are extremely similar or dissimilar. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 15.
It is difficult to remember tilings in terms of theoretical concepts. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 16.
Examples and illustrations help in better remembering. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 17.
Forgetting is a decay of old impressions and associations because of atrophy through disuse. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 18.
There is a high degree of relationship between the R.I. and RI. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 19.
Newman found that forgetting is almost the same after the activity as memory before the activity. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 20.
The effects of retroactive inhibition are transitory in all amounts of interpolated learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 21.
The unpleasant, ego-dissatisfying materials are quickly forgotten because of repression. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 22.
Jenkins and Dallenbach conducted an experiment on the effect of sleep on retention. (True/ False)
Answer:
True
Question 23.
During sleep there is a complete Psychological vacuum and forgetting is nil. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 24.
In the sleeping condition, some activity is present as the ‘ S ’ does not always go to sleep immediately after the learning is complete. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 25.
McGeoch for the first time studied the problem of reminiscence. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 26.
There exists some relationship between the Gestalt theory of forgetting and Bartlett’s constructive change theory of forgetting. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 27.
McClelland found the phenomenon of reminiscence while studying verbal discrimination learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 28.
During the retentional interval there is scope for rehearsal of the original learning, and reminiscence may occur. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 29.
In the case of nonsense syllables, verbatim and trigrams reminiscence is high. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 30.
Reminiscence may be noticed because of positive transfer. (True /False)
Answer:
True
Question 31.
In our daily life, we meet more short-term memory cases than long-term ones. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 32.
STM is more often experienced in nonverbal materials. (True /False)
Answer:
False
Question 33.
Ordinarily, the capacity of STM is limited to 6 to 7 items. (True /False)
Answer:
True
Question 34.
With organization of materials, the length of short-term memory becomes higher. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 35.
Short-term memory is also known as secondary memory. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 36.
Long term memory is also called primary memory. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 37.
LTM has limited storage capacity. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 38.
New information must undergo a period of consolidation to enter long-term storage. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 39.
Immediate and short-term memory supplies the code that we use to store materials in more lasting memory and later on to retrieve them. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 40.
The materials Of short-term memory are made ready for long-term memory through rehearsal. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 41.
Elaborate rehearsal is more effective for STM. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 42.
Words learned with meaning and association is better remembered than processed at a superficial level. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 43.
Nonsense materials are better remembered than digits. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 44.
Trigrams are better remembered than nonsense syllables. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 45.
For the first time, nonsense syllables were prepared by Bartlett. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 46.
A nonsense syllable consists of two vowels and one consonant. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 47.
In a trigram there is consonant. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 48.
Nonsense syllables have zero associative value. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 49.
Retention interval as such is not the cause of forgetting. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 50.
The interference theory of forgetting was propounded by Muller and Pilzecker. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 51.
Interference theory holds that forgetting takes place because of proactive inhibition and Retroactive inhibition. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 52.
Atrophy through disuse and the theory of disuse are the same. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 53.
According to the interference theory, optimum retention occurs when interpolated learning is introduced in the middle of a long retention interval. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 54.
Interference explains most of our forgetting in day to day life. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question55.
Trace theory has been advanced by the behaviouristic school of psychology. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 56.
Gestalt have approached the study of memory from the side of perception. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 57.
According to Ebbinghaus our memory is more or less organized. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 58.
The unorganized and less structured materials have stable memory traces. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 59.
The unpleasant experiences associated with shame and guilt are forgotten because of the operation of repression. (True /False)
Answer:
True
Question 60.
The controversy between Bartlett and Ebbinghaus mainly arises due to the methods they use as models. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 61.
According to Ebbinghaus transformation is the chief characteristic of remembering. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 62.
Differences in transformation in remembering takes place because of the difference in the meaning of the materials. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 63.
Bartlett used three methods for measuring memory. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 64.
The method of repeated reproduction is also known as the method of successive reproduction. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 65.
The conditions necessary for efficient learning also determine efficient remembering. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 66.
An organized learning always produces better remembering as it leads to the development of patterns. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 67.
A need to learn is essential to make memory better and permanent. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 68.
Need is not essential for memory. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 69.
Practice is a better reinforcer than a need for remembering. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 70.
Pleasant materials are better remembered than unpleasant ones. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 71.
Under the prompting and anticipation method, paired associated learning and serial learning are performed. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 72.
Those factors which influence learning do not necessarily influence retention. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 73.
Different retention cur\ cs lut\ c by and large similar characteristics. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 74.
Ebbinghaus conducted a classic experiment to determine the rate of forgetting with the passage of time. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 75.
At first, forgetting is slow but as time passes, the rate of forgetting becomes rapid. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 76.
There is almost no loss in the number of materials after a good deal of interval. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 77.
Ebbing a conducted experiments on himself using nonsense syllables. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 78.
The experiments conducted by Ebbinghaus on the measurement of memory were based on qualitative methods. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 79.
The speed of forgetting is the same for all the materials. (True/ False)
Answer:
False
Question 80.
Retention curves on the whole indicate that forgetting is never complete. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 81.
The result of various studies shows that the rate of forgetting is slower with meaningful material. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 82.
Perceptual motor skills appear to be retained quite well in comparison to verbal skills. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 83.
Mirror Drawing learning is a type of perceptual-motor skill which is retained through practice. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 84.
Recognition is the easiest method of measuring retention. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 85.
As similarity between interpolated activity and original learning is reduced to a near identity, retention rises and then falls to a minimum again but with an increase in similarity, it never reaches the level obtained with maximum similarity. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 86.
The formula to calculate the percentage of savings is Xj 100. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 87.
The factors responsible for forgetting may be divided into
(a) the factors operating the time of learning
(b) the factors operating afterward. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 88.
Associated pairs of words are better remembered than unassociated pairs of words. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 89.
completed tasks are more rapidly forgotten than an incomplete one. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 90.
Isolated materials are forgotten more quickly than crowded materials. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 91.
Intra serial interference leads to more forgetting. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 92.
Learned helplessness affects the retrieval of unpleasant memory. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 93.
The disuse theory was challenged by Muller and Pilzecker. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 94.
Disuse and not the interpolated activity are the cause of forgetting. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 95.
The intensity of the interpolated activity causes more inhibition. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 96.
Maximum facilitation occurs when the learned materials are identical in the original learning and interpolated activity. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 97.
Any stimulus which is discriminated in a series by virtue of its quality is definitely favored in retention. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 98.
More forgetting occurs because of similarity in the method of learning during the original learning and retention interval. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 99.
Inhibition Is greater when the original learning and the interpolated learning are learned through the same sense modality than through different sensory modalities. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 100.
The longer the rest and relaxation between original learning and subsequent recall, the less is forgetting. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 101.
Proactive inhibition is the decrement in retention of a task as a result of other learning coming prior to the learning of the task on which the retention test is made. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 102.
Underwood has conducted quite a number of useful studies on proactive inhibition. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 103.
In the serial reproduction method, one person is involved while in the repeated reproduction method several persons are involved. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 104.
In our day to day life hardly any reproductive method of memory is found. (True /False)
Answer:
True
Question 105.
In immediate memory the processing capacity of the individual is limited. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 106.
Ebbinghaus method is called reproductive while Bartlett’s method is called constructive. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 107.
In part learning the material of learning is divided into different parts. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 108.
Iconic memory is an immediate sensory memory that lasts for a long period. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 109.
Deliberate use of reconditioning increases greatly immediate memory span. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 110.
Both echoic memory and iconic memory are examples of immediate sensory memory. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 111.
Grouping makes remembering easier. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 112.
The transfer of new information from short-term memory to long-term is promoted by processing it for meaning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 113.
Short-term memory holds verbal materials primarily in acoustic form. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 114.
Episodic memory is a memory for the temporarily dated autobiographical experiences. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 115.
Remembering one item in a category usually means that the majority of the other items in the category will come to mind. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 116.
Organization helps memory. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 117.
The ability to recognize an item seems to depend on a lesser degree of learning than the ability to reproduce an item actively. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 118.
Retention can not be measured by the speed with which an ‘ S ’ can relearn a task. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 119.
The method of relearning measures retention independently of the availability of specific responses. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 120.
The method of reconstruction is related to the method of saving but puts its main emphasis on the retention of serial position. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 121.
The method of reconstruction can be used only with materials that can be readily broken down into separate units. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 122.
The temporal characteristics of the responses of the subject in particular are sensitive indices of the degree of retention. (True /False)
Answer:
False
Question 123.
The most striking feature of the curve of forgetting Ebbinghaus is its decelerated drop. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 124.
The amount of retention increases indefinitely as a function of the degree of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 125
A whole, method of learning is always superior to the part method of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 126
The operant conditioning technique is not the same as the classical conditioning technique of Pavlov. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 127.
Aversive conditioning and classical conditioning are similar techniques in learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 128.
Thorndike made experiments on the conditioning method of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 129.
Interest is not a necessary determinant of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 130.
Intentional learning is always better than incidental learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 131.
Learning by insight simply means learning by habit. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 132.
Conditioning responses are nothing but a chain of habit patterns. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 133.
Insightful learning is gradual in nature. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 134.
Whole and part learning are equally beneficial. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 135.
Learning and Maturation are related concepts. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 136.
When we leam to ride a bicycle conditioning learning is involved. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 137.
Flilgard experimented on sultan to demonstrate insightful learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 138.
The Law of effect was introduced by Thorndike. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 139.
In trial-and-error learning emphasis is put on practice. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 140.
The Mirror Drawing apparatus is used to demonstrate insightful learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 141.
Maze learning is a type of trial-and-error learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 142.
Operant conditioning is otherwise known as instrumental conditioning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 143.
Trial and error learning was introduced by Bechterev. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 144.
Leamingis are dependent upon practice.(True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 145
The Gestalt school for the first time conducted experiments on the laws of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 146.
Backward conditioning and escape conditioning are the same. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 147.
Positive stimulus reinforces behavior while negative stimulus inhibits it. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 148.
The process by which a CR can be eliminated is known as unconditing. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 149.
Experimental extinction and experimental neuroses are the same. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 150
The procedure through which a CR is excited by a stimulus that has similarity with the original stimulus is called response generalization. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 151.
A response may be more resistant to extinction if the reinforcement in the conditioning trial has been continuous. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 152.
Once conditioning is finally established the C.S. can be used as an unconditioned stimulus for further conditioning.(True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 153.
Negative conditioning is also known as backward conditioning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 154.
Pavlov was a swiss physiologist. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 155.
The Gestalt School of Psychology mainly aims at finding the whole-part relationship. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 156.
Nail biting habits can be eliminated by trial and error method. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 157.
the concept of experimental neuroses has been studied intensively by Hilgard. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 158.
Delay in reinforcement stands in the way of strengthing S-R connections and habits. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 159.
There is a high positive relationship between immediate reward and amount of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 160.
Rein forcement is the motivating force behind all eating. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 161.
Thorndike’s concept of spread of effect provides the reinforcement theorists strong support. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 162.
In learning, through the error can be zero time can never the zero. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 163.
In all learning curves, there need not necessarily be a plateau. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 164.
Perception of the relationship between different parts of the visual field and the goal plays a significant role in learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 165.
Learning by insight takes a single attempt to solve a problem. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 166.
Learning and performance are the same. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 167.
Kohler and Koffka conducted an experiment on chimpanzees Sultan to demonstrate learning by conditioning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 168.
Gestalt is a German word.(True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 169.
The behaviorist school of psychology developed a theory of whole part position in learning and perception. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 170.
The unconditioned stimulus is always presented after the conditioned stimulus to classical conditioning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 171.
Ebbinghaus is remembered for his contribution to learning psychology. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 172.
Learning is a process that starts from the delivery table. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 173.
When the stimulus becomes too small for the organism to discriminate a nervous breakdown is obvious. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 174.
Operant conditioning is usually studied in a laboratory using a Skinner box. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 175.
Behavior therapy is based on operant conditioning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 176.
Spontaneous recovery will grow weaker and weaker if no reinforcement is provided. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 177.
Many of our bad habits can be removed by trial and error method. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 178.
Any learning based on maturation is more or less temporary. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 179.
Overlearning occurs because of practice. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 180.
Trial and Error learning is demonstrated experimentally in the laboratory by Tachistoscope. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 181.
In withdrawal learning the ‘ O’ learns to withdraw from negative reinforcement. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 182.
Titchener is remembered for his contribution to learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 183.
Punishing a child for his misbehavior is negative social reinforcement. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 184.
Cycling is a sensory-motor learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 185.
Typing is sensory learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 186.
Transfer of learning from the right hand to the right leg is called unilateral transfer of training. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 187.
Fear for dogs is acquired through trial and error, and learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 188.
Repetition without motivation is not of much help to improve learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 189.
Generalization and discrimination are opposite concepts.(True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 190.
Discrimination develops out of generalization. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 191.
Spontaneous recovery has lots of similarities with reminiscence. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 192.
The similarity in content, technique, and principle leads to zero transfer. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 193.
Spread up effect is an extension of the law of exercise. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 194.
Learning establishes a new relationship between the stimulus and the response. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 195.
Learning is defined as the modification of behavior. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 196.
Reinforcement is indispensable for learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 197.
Behavioral changes induced by drugs, brain injury, and maturation are not considered to involve learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 198.
Maturation occurs before birth as well as afterward while learning occurs after birth. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 199.
E.L. Thorndike was German Psychologist. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 200.
Animals mostly do not leam by reasoning but by trial and error. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 201.
In the conditioning technique as the number of trials increases, unnecessary irrelevant and random activities reduce. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 202
After 1933 law of effect was included by Thomidke along with the law of exercise. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 203.
Law “of readiness refers to the physical or psychological preparedness of a person to attend to a stimulus. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 204.
The Law of readiness has three parts. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 205.
Law ofçxcrcisc comprises the law of use and law of disuse. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 206.
The Law of effect is the cardinal principle of Thorndike’s theory of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 207.
The spread of effect was discovered by Guthrie. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 208.
In classical conditioning, reinforcement is used in a restricted sense. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 209.
Before ‘insight’ can occur the learner should be able to see the relationship among all the parts of the problem. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 210.
In insightful learning, integrating and reintegrating part processes into a new total pattern is observed. (True/ False)
Answer:
True
Question 211.
When the solution comes after trying the elements present in the learning field, it is known as foresight. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 212.
When the solution to the problem occurs in the first attempt without actually trying the situation, it is called hindsight. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 213.
The non-reinforcement theorists are the advocates of latent learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 214.
The whole part phenomenon of learning and perception was developed by the Gestalt school of Psychology. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 215.
There are two types of transfer of training. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 216.
Low anxiety is necessary for efficient learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 217.
When a previous experience obstructs learning in a new situation it is called a positive transfer of training. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 218.
Insightful learning was advocated by Pavlov. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 219.
In insightful learning solution to the problem comes gradually. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 220.
For human learning, the first verbal material used was meaningful words. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 221.
Pavlov s studies on conditioning come under instrumental conditioning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 222.
When we intentionally attend to something it is called habitual attention. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 223.
One of the most important characteristics of learning is change. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 224.
Learning is most effective if the learner is interested in participating in the learning experience. (True /False)
Answer:
True
Question 225.
Each and every learning direction is not necessary. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 226.
All learning can be possible by the conditioned response. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 227.
Watson believed that environmental influences have a secondary role in learning. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 228.
In learning past experience is not necessary. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 229.
Kohler developed insightful learning techniques. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 230.
Trial and error is the simplest form of learning. (True/False)
Answer:
True
Question 231.
Pavlov was a Russian Psychologist. (True/False)
Answer:
False
Question 232.
Extinction means an increase in the probability of response. (True/False)
Answer:
True
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